Современные методы оценки восстановительного потенциала печени после ее резекции (обзор)

С.А. Родимова, Д.С. Кузнецова, Н.В. Бобров, Н.В. Вдовина, В.Е. Загайнов, Е.В. Загайнова

Ключевые слова: восстановительный потенциал печени; функция печени; регенерация печени; пролиферация гепатоцитов; FLIM; ToF-SIMS; CARS.

2019, том 11, номер 4, стр. 175.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17691/stm2019.11.4.20

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Рассмотрены основные методы оценки функции и восстановительного потенциала печени. Представлены как стандартные, широко применяющиеся в клинической практике, так и новейшие перспективные методы, показавшие свою эффективность для анализа патологических изменений на клеточном и тканевом уровнях и позволяющие в будущем расширить возможности клинической диагностики.

Известно, что динамику регенеративного процесса печени отражают такие параметры, как метаболический статус ее клеток, их морфология, а также структурные особенности на молекулярном уровне. Исследование изменений данных параметров позволит определить критерии снижения функциональной активности клеток печени и в конечном итоге — снижения регенераторного потенциала органа в целом.

Наиболее перспективным методом для решения данной задачи в настоящее время можно назвать мультифотонную микроскопию с возможностью генерации второй гармоники, а также с дополнительными модальностями, такими как микроскопия на основе когерентного антистоксового рамановского рассеяния (coherent anti-stokes Raman spectroscopy — CARS), микроскопия стимулированного комбинационного рассеяния (stimulated Raman scattering — SRS) и времяразрешенная флюоресцентная микроскопия (fluorescence lifetime imaging — FLIM). Кроме того, широкий спектр возможностей для анализа метаболических и структурных изменений дает масс-спектрометрия, в частности времяпролетная масс-спектрометрия вторичных ионов (time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry — ToF-SIMS). Многочисленные примеры исследований с применением данных методов на моделях in vivo, а также на биопсийных образцах пациентов демонстрируют их востребованность и перспективность как в биомедицинских исследованиях, так и в клинической практике.

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